Which body has the power to declare war?

The power to declare war is vested in Congress, as outlined in the U.S. Constitution. This authority is an important aspect of the system of checks and balances that ensures no single branch of government can unilaterally engage the nation in conflict. Congress is responsible for making laws, and the war declaration falls under its legislative powers, reflecting the framers' intention to involve the elected representatives of the people in such significant decisions.

The President, while the Commander-in-Chief of the armed forces, does not possess the power to declare war. This distinction ensures that the executive branch does not have unchecked power to engage in military conflicts without legislative approval. The Supreme Court's role does not extend to declaring war; it involves interpreting laws and constitutional matters, not military engagement decisions. The Cabinet, composed of the heads of executive departments, advises the President but also does not have the authority to declare war. This structure emphasizes the collaborative nature of government and the importance of legislative authority in matters of war and peace.